tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7093320337921237072024-03-19T01:48:03.071-07:00Window on Eurasia -- New Seriespaul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.comBlogger20555125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-62731609791181650602024-03-18T14:57:00.000-07:002024-03-18T14:57:38.445-07:00Putin’s Interventions have Made Russian Mortality Data Extremely Unreliable, Experts Say<p>Paul Goble</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton, Mar. 15 –
Vladimir Putin talks far more often about boosting the Russian birthrate that
cutting mortality rates; but when he does focus on the latter, he does so in ways
that have led to a sharp deterioration in the quality and reliability of the data
that his government uses to make policy and offers to the world as evidence of
its successes, Russian experts say.</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Two journalists, Mayya
Guseva and Aby Shukyurov of the <i>To Be Precise</i> portal, have examined this
situation and explain why the World Health Organization classifies almost ten percent
of the mortality figures Rosstat releases as being unreliable “trash” numbers (<a href="https://tochno.st/materials/v-moskve-liudi-casto-umiraiut-ot-neutocnennogo-padeniia-v-cecne-anomalnaia-smertnost-ot-starosti-a-voronezskaia-oblast-lider-po-procim-nescastnym-slucaiam-eto-musornye-kody-i-na-nix-prixoditsia-okolo-10-smertei-v-rossii">tochno.st/materials/v-moskve-liudi-casto-umiraiut-ot-neutocnennogo-padeniia-v-cecne-anomalnaia-smertnost-ot-starosti-a-voronezskaia-oblast-lider-po-procim-nescastnym-slucaiam-eto-musornye-kody-i-na-nix-prixoditsia-okolo-10-smertei-v-rossii</a>).</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In 2012, Putin ordered the
country’s healthcare system to reduce deaths from circulatory problems,
tuberculosis and cancer. Since then, Rosstat has reported progress in each
case; but its reporting is compromised by the fact that deaths from “’indeterminate’”
causes have increased almost exactly as much as those from these three causes
have reportedly fallen.</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Russian researchers point
out that their country has the highest share of that cause of death among all
European countries, something that calls into question the Kremlin’s repeated
claims that it has made more progress than in fact it has in dealing with the
three causes of death Putin ordered to be reduced (<a href="https://www.vedomosti.ru/economics/articles/2018/03/12/753159-rossiyane-chasche-umirat">vedomosti.ru/economics/articles/2018/03/12/753159-rossiyane-chasche-umirat</a>).</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>There are similar problems
with deaths from HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis being reported as the result of
other causes. Indeed, one Moscow expert says Russian TB deaths are likely being
reported as far lower than they in fact are and need to be adjusted, something
that makes Moscow claims on these diseases suspect as well (<a href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/580/580">med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/580/580</a>).</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Other kinds of death being
hidden by the assignment of “’undefined’” causes include murders, suicides, and
accidents. All of them are likely responsible for far more deaths than the
Putin regime is acknowledging (<a href="https://demreview.hse.ru/article/view/1790/2513">demreview.hse.ru/article/view/1790/2513</a>
and <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332320342_Smertnost_ot_povrezdenij_s_neopredelennymi_namereniami_kak_pokazatel_kacestva_statistiki_smertnosti_ot_vnesnih_pricin">researchgate.net/publication/332320342_Smertnost_ot_povrezdenij_s_neopredelennymi_namereniami_kak_pokazatel_kacestva_statistiki_smertnosti_ot_vnesnih_pricin</a>).</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Individual doctors and
hospitals are making these diagnoses on the basis of what their bosses want to
hear rather than Moscow imposing a single standard on all of them, the two
journalists say. Otherwise, there would not be the variance in causes of death
among the federal subjects.</p>
<p><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And they conclude their
data-packed discussion with the following observation by one Moscow specialist
on medical statistics which suggests just how bad the situation has become.
Before 1999, Rosstat attempted to maintain control by issuing specific
instructions on how to code this or that death. But in that year, the same in
which Putin rose to power, things changed.</p>
<p><span style="color: red;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">“Since 1999,” Valery Yumaguzin says, “Rosstat
no longer has any influence on the quality of these statistics: it only
collects and publishes data” that are produced by others who act on the basis
of what they understand the Kremlin wants rather than on the basis of specific
protocols.</span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-73836949211406463542024-03-18T13:28:00.000-07:002024-03-18T13:28:39.914-07:00At Local Level, Environmental Activism Transforming ‘Residents of Russia into Citizens,’ Expert Says<p> Paul Goble<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 14 –In the last several years, Moscow has shut down most all-Russian
environmental organizations and gutted the environmental laws that had given
some promise that the government was committed to cleaning up the environment
and fighting climate change and all the problems related to that.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>These
defeats – and they have been widely chronicled – are serious, <i>Insider</i>
journalist Marina Dulnyeva says Russians concerned with the defense of the
environment have told her. But she suggests that all is not lost and the
Russians are still winning some small victories on this front (<span class="2aj7s"><u><span style="color: blue; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="https://theins.ru/obshestvo/267019">ru/obshestvo/267019</a></span></u></span><span class="2aj7s"><span style="color: black; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;">).</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="2aj7s"><span style="color: black; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And these victories, even when they are limited and often
reversed, Vitaly Servetnik, coordinator of the Ecology Crisis Group, says,
highlight two important developments. On the one hand, Russians have not bought
the Kremlin’s message that concern for the environment is an unwelcome import
from the West. Ever more believe it is a concern of Russians as well.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="2aj7s"><span style="color: black; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And on the other, the ecological activist continues,
despite all the setbacks, “environmental problems,” many exacerbated by the
Kremlin’s own actions since the start of the expanded war in Ukraine have had
the effect of “transforming residents of the country into citizens,” a
development that strikes at the heart of Kremlin efforts to prevent that.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="2aj7s"><span style="color: black; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>This has been happening, Servetnik continues, despite Moscow’s
closure of all-Russian environmental movements and its elimination of many
environmental protection measures and controls that the Russian government had
introduced in earlier decades. But it has been below the radar screen of Moscow
writers who have focused on the center alone.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="2aj7s"><span style="color: black; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He says that his group has collected data on 50 “ecological
victories” in 2022 alone (</span></span><a href="https://help-eco.info/50victories2022/">help-eco.info/50victories2022/</a>)
and additional ones in the months since. Few are earthshaking by themselves and
some have already been reversed. But they are proving to be the seedbeds of
citizenship, even if they are typically ignored. </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-81997890535913476972024-03-18T05:26:00.000-07:002024-03-18T05:26:23.545-07:00 To Meet Moscow Goals, Federal Subjects have been Forced to Raise Payments for Men who Sign Up for Russian Military by 50 Percent over Last Year, ‘Important Stories’ Reports<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 14 – To meet Moscow-assigned quotas, Russia’s federal subjects have been
forced to increase payments to those who sign up by 50 percent over the last
year, an indication that interest in joining the military is declining and a
policy change that means regions will be forced to cut spending further on
social needs, the <i>Important Stories</i> portal reports.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Both last year and this, the central
government has offered payments of 195,000 rubles (2000 US dollars) to those
who sign up as professional soldiers, but Moscow has encouraged regions with
higher quotas to offer more so as to attract more men to the colors, the investigative
journalists found (<a href="https://istories.media/news/2024/03/14/chtobi-privlech-novikh-kontraktnikov-regioni-uvelichili-yedinovremennuyu-viplatu-za-podpisanie-kontrakta-v-srednem-za-god-ona-virosla-v-15-raza/">istories.media/news/2024/03/14/chtobi-privlech-novikh-kontraktnikov-regioni-uvelichili-yedinovremennuyu-viplatu-za-podpisanie-kontrakta-v-srednem-za-god-ona-virosla-v-15-raza/</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Most
federal subjects have, but ten have not, including the city of Moscow where the
Kremlin is not seeking to recruit as many professional soldiers. But in the
rest, the size of payments has jumped by 50 percent or even more over the last
year, the <i>Important Stories</i> portal says.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In Moscow
oblast, these regional payments have now reached the level of 805,000 rubles (81,000
US dollars. Other leaders include Astrakhan and Nizhny Novgorod oblasts where
the bonuses are now 500,000 rubles (5,000 US dollars), the portal says. A year
ago, none of the federal subjects offered more than 300,000 rubles (3,000 US
dollars).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Regional
governments have undoubtedly concluded, under Moscow’s prodding, that they need
to offer more if they are to meet the center’s requirements. But boosting
spending in this way will leave them will even less money to spend on other
more popular social programs, although it will allow Moscow yet another means
of hiding the true cost of its war in Ukraine.</p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-65294061517985120542024-03-18T05:05:00.000-07:002024-03-18T05:05:44.307-07:00Russia is an Amazing Country, Always Ready for a Nuclear War but Never for Winter or Natural Disasters, Some Russians Say<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Paul Goble</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton, Mar. 15 – Following
Vladimir Putin’s statement that Russia is prepared for a nuclear war, some
Russians are saying that their country is truly amazing:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>it is apparently always ready for a nuclear
war but has never been ready for winter, natural disasters or even potholes in in
its streets and roads.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That is just one of the anecdotes
Russians are telling each other that have been collected by Moscow journalist
Tatyana Pushkaryova (</span><a href="https://publizist.ru/blogs/107374/48025/-">publizist.ru/blogs/107374/48025/-</a>).
Among the best of the rest are the following:</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russians truly have some unexpected freedoms.
The constitution specifies that they have the freedom to remain silent and not
shout “glory to the beloved leader” as North Koreans must.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kremlin officials want the Russian constitution
to be put in electronic form so that they can change it quickly as needed.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sanctions have truly helped us – including to
restore ration coupons.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Shaman Gabyshev is going to be re-examined by
Russian psychiatrists, sad news for him and for the country as there are no
other saviors on the horizon.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russians are being told that they shouldn’t fear
that Russian planes and helicopters will fall out of the sky because very soon
all of them already will have done so.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russians who say you should drink more and those
who say you should drink less agree on one thing: you do need to drink!</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>One Russian says he’ll vote for someone who has
violated the constitution by running for a fifth term, started a war, and
failed to fulfill a single promise, as long as he agrees to lie down in his own
grave.<span class="y2iqfc"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-85964938873867451982024-03-17T06:34:00.000-07:002024-03-17T06:34:37.678-07:00Kremlin Increasingly Worried Criminal Groups Threaten Its Power, Anti Says<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 14 – Roman Anti, a pseudonymous Moscow blogger, says that “something very
new is taking shape” in Russia, “repulsive for many,” but nonetheless “real” hostility
to Putin among criminals and other marginalized groups, a development that the
Kremlin is increasingly worried threatens its power.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>This anger
is not so much ideological as a reflection of the view among such groups at the
bottom of Russian society that Putin is “scum” and should be sent packing, Anti
continues; but because the Kremlin has gelded almost everyone else, such people
are frightening and the regime is moving against them (<a href="https://www.kasparov.ru/material.php?id=65F2992B80B3B">kasparov.ru/material.php?id=65F2992B80B3B</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That is why
the Kremlin has banned the AUE and has been conducting operations against
shadow communities within the prison system, Anti continues. It sees them as a threat
both because they are “alternative verticals” and because they are prepared to
use violence in the pursuit of their aims.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Other
social strata, he continues, are already “tightly controlled by the powers that
be administratively, economically and ideologically.” Such people “aren’t ready
for an uprising, to put it mildly.” As a result, the regime fears, “the first
push will come from counter-state groups” like criminals. Hence the regime’s “pro-active”
strikes.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Even in
the Third Reich,” Anti points out, “the Gestapo had problems with criminal
groups,” some of whom grew into “an anti-Nazi underground such as Hans
Steinbruck’s Ehrenfeld Group.” And when repression of Solidarity began in Poland
in the early 1980s, some of its activists began to speak with criminal elements
there.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>According
to Anti, “over the last decade, politically motivated arson, attacks on
loyalists, clashes with the police and the National Guard have arisen more than
a few times out of this environment. And now, “’Zek versus Z’ is the image of
Russian politics,” yet another confirmation that “the social weakening of the regime
has begun from the very bottom.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-46509715297201696852024-03-17T05:46:00.000-07:002024-03-17T05:46:41.502-07:00Aga Khan Promoting Western Ideas Not Only in Tajikistan but throughout Central Asia, Russian Experts Say<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 14 – Many in both Moscow and the West have focused on the influence of the
Aga Khan on the Ismaili community in Tajikistan’s Gorno-Badakhshan, viewing it
as a source of increasing instability there (<a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2023/06/fearful-of-secession-in-gorno.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2023/06/fearful-of-secession-in-gorno.html</a>
and <a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2022/01/new-chinese-base-in-tajikistan-will.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2022/01/new-chinese-base-in-tajikistan-will.html</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But now, two
Russian commentators, Yuliya Filaretova and Atiye Besem, argue that the Aga
Khan’s influence in Central Asia extends far beyond Tajikistan and represents a
threat to Moscow’s interests because he supposedly works hand in glove with
Western NGOs (<a href="https://www.imemo.ru/files/File/magazines/rossia_i_novay/2023_04/20-Filaretova.pdf">imemo.ru/files/File/magazines/rossia_i_novay/2023_04/20-Filaretova.pdf</a>
as discussed at <a href="https://ia-centr.ru/experts/ia-centr-ru/deyatelnost-fonda-aga-khana-v-tsentralnoy-azii/">ia-centr.ru/experts/ia-centr-ru/deyatelnost-fonda-aga-khana-v-tsentralnoy-azii/</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And he is far
more effective than many Western NGOs, the two suggest, because his Aga Khan
Development Network (AKDN) presents itself as part of the Islamic world and
thus is accepted by many in the region who are far more prepared to reject ideas
that they can see are first and foremost Western imports.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The article
by Filaretova and Besem is important not only because it provides a detailed
map of where the AKDN is most active across Central Asia but also because it
suggests that the Kremlin almost certainly will pressure governments there to
restrict the activities of the AKDN because of what Moscow believes is its
anti-Russian nature.<span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"></span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-7633436169801042942024-03-17T05:18:00.000-07:002024-03-17T05:18:10.928-07:00Ever More Russians Again Becoming Internal Emigres, Turning Away Even from Social Media, Mikhaylichenko Says<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton, Mar
14. – As repression increases and the opportunities for emigration and “living
there but working here” decline, Dmitry Mikhaylichenko says, ever more Russians
are adopting the time-tested approach of internal emigration in which they
focus on their families and avoid all forms of social activity, including even
participation in social media.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The political
scientist who heads Ufa’s Institute of Regional Expertise argues this turning
inward, something Russians have often practiced in the past, leads to underestimation
of the degree of popular unhappiness with the regime (<a href="t.me/kremlebezBashennik/37091">t.me/kremlebezBashennik/37091</a> reposted
at <a href="https://newizv.ru/news/2024-03-12/dmitriy-mihaylichenko-strana-vse-glubzhe-pogruzhaetsya-vo-vnutrennyuyu-emigratsiyu-428018">newizv.ru/news/2024-03-12/dmitriy-mihaylichenko-strana-vse-glubzhe-pogruzhaetsya-vo-vnutrennyuyu-emigratsiyu-428018</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Our
grandparents and great-grandparents,” Mikhaylichenko says, “would not have
written posts on social networks even if they had existed;” and soon a similar
pattern may obtain in Putin’s Russia. Again, Russians who disagree with the regime
will talk among their family circles and keep diaries but not take any public action
even online.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>To the
extent the Ufa scholar is correct, it will become ever more difficult either
for the Kremlin or for its opponents within Russia or abroad to know just what
the Russian people are thinking, a development that will make it ever more
likely that the Kremlin will take decisions that most Russians don’t approve of
and have to use ever more repression to maintain itself.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But this trend
will also mean that opponents of the regime will be ever less sure of how widespread
their feelings are and will lead Russians at home and analysts and officials
abroad equally unsure of just how many supporters and how many opponents the
leaders of Russia have in their own country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></p>
<p> </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-27145132422088379122024-03-17T03:43:00.000-07:002024-03-17T03:43:42.531-07:00With War in Ukraine, Putin is Demolishing His Argument that Russia Can't Change and Become Democratic, Gallyamov Says<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 12 – Putin has long justified his own authoritarianism by insisting that
Russia has always had that tradition, but with his war against Ukraine, he has
violated another Russian tradition, the belief in close ties between Russians
and Ukrainians, and thus shown that as a result, everything, including
democratization, is now possible, Abbas Gallyamov says. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For most of
his time in power, Putin’s formula that “’it has always been this way’” has
served as an effective argument to gain public support for the Kremlin leader’s
maintenance of the status quo, the former Putin speechwriter and now opposition
commentator says (<a href="t.me/abbasgallyamovpolitics/4449">t.me/abbasgallyamovpolitics/4449</a>
reposted at <a href="https://www.kasparov.ru/material.php?id=65F142ABE082D">kasparov.ru/material.php?id=65F142ABE082D</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But over the
past two years, by launching an expanded war against Ukraine, Putin has
undermined his own claims in this regard by challenging the equally widespread
Russian notion that the Russian and Ukrainian people have always been friends
and that a war between the two was inconceivable.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Neither Putin
nor his opponents yet recognize how these two things are related and how his
actions in the latter case demolish his insistence in the former, Gallyamov
suggests. But an examination of the causes of the French revolution provides a
clue to just how intertwined these two things are.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Alexis de
Tocqueville, one of the most thoughtful historians of that conflict, notes that
the French monarchy sowed the seeds of its own demise by destroying the
regional parliaments, institutions that the French thought were just as ancient
and just as unchangeable as the monarchy itself.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>After the king
dispersed the parliaments both in Paris and in the regions, the French people
concluded that everything, including a more democratic system, was possible. Something
similar, Gallyamov argues, is <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>now
possible in Russia today. And he draws that conclusion in dramatic language:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“After the
first Russian killed the first Ukrainian and the first Ukrainian killed the
first Russian, nothing is impossible for Russians anymore” because “the
conservative order” on which Putin has relied “no longer exists.”</p>
<p> </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-77732939745099645712024-03-17T03:40:00.000-07:002024-03-17T03:40:01.716-07:00Since Expanded War in Ukraine Began, Telegram has Become Most Widely Used Social Media Platform in Russia, Logunova Says<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 12 – Until Putin launched his expanded war in Ukraine, Telegram channels
or “telega” as they are known in Russia lagged far behind other social media
platforms in that country. But a combination of restrictions or bans on the
latter and growing interest in news have pushed Telegram to the top, Olga
Logunova says.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The Russian
specialist on media at King’s College London says that Kremlin bans and
restrictions helped Telegram grow but that interest in unrestricted news has
played if anything a greater role, given Telegram’s growth after key events sparked
greater interest among Russian media consumers (<a href="https://ridl.io/explaining-the-rise-of-telegram/">ridl.io/explaining-the-rise-of-telegram/</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The Putin
regime has responded by flooding Telegram with bots, something that increases
suspicions about the platform’s reliability; and increasingly Russians are
concerned about the lack of end-to-end encryption on this channel. Unless those
are somehow addressed, Telegram’s future may be less successful than its recent
past.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In her
Riddle portal article, versions of which are available in English as well as
Riussian, Logunova provides extensive statistical data in support of her conclusions.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<svg data-name="Layer 1" viewbox="0 0 18 18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg><svg height="20.2px" viewbox="0 0 19.5 20.2" width="19.5px" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg>
<input autofocus="" id="searchInput" name="searchInput" type="search" />
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-21736270627147280912024-03-16T13:21:00.000-07:002024-03-16T13:21:31.511-07:00‘For First Time Ever,’ a Kremlin Leader has Announced a Policy Explicitly Focused on Demographic Collapse of the Ethnic Russian Core of the Country, Baburin Says Paul Goble
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 12 – In his address to the Federal Assembly, Vladimir Putin did something
remarkable that is only beginning to be noticed, Vyacheslav Baburin says. He
announced a policy to invest in the revival of birthrates in the ethnic Russian
core of the country that has been on the brink of dying out.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>This is “the
first time” a Kremlin leader has done that, the Moscow State University
geographer says. In the past, apparently fearful of looking overly pro-Russian,
Kremlin leaders, including Putin, have put forward demographic policies that at
least in principle were universal in their pretensions (<a href="https://www.kp.ru/daily/27578/4902687/">kp.ru/daily/27578/4902687/</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">But in his remarks, Putin declared
that he will invest 75 billion rubles (750 million US dollars) in the coming
years to boost the birthrate in regions where birthrates are now the lowest.
These regions, Baburin points out, are precisely the predominantly ethnic
Russian oblasts of central and northwestern Russia.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">There are many reasons why these
predominantly ethnic Russian regions are in trouble demographically: greater
urbanization and the death of villages, war losses and their echo, and a
history of government policy of taking money from these regions to finance
projects on the periphery of the country and abroad.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Whether Putin’s proposed policy can
work, given the inertia of demographic developments, and even whether it will be
fully funded, given his spending on the war in Ukraine, are very much open questions.
But what he has done is nonetheless remarkable, the geographer continues.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Putin has shown that the problem of
the demographic collapse of the ethnic Russian center of the country is now so
severe that he is prepared to address it as an issue in and of itself,
something ethnic Russians are likely to celebrate and non-Russians are likely
to view as yet more evidence of the Kremlin leader’s hostility toward them.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Both of those views will have an
impact on Russian politics in the coming years, possibly a greater impact than
any of the other issues that are now attracting far more attention. </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-91901047014699443932024-03-16T12:57:00.000-07:002024-03-16T12:57:41.251-07:00Compared to His Soviet Predecessors, Putin Relies on Fear-Driven Self-Censorship than on Formal Controls, Golosov Says<p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 38.0pt;">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 38.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 12 – Censorship in the Russian Federation now is very different from that
in the last decades of Soviet power, Grigory Golosov says. Then, the
authorities relied on a ramified system of censors and censorship agencies to
ensure control. Now, the Kremlin relies more on self-censorship and thus takes
action to make fear the primary motivating factor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 38.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“The
Soviet model was quite repressive,” the St. Petersburg political scientist
says; “but it did not expect people to censor themselves to the extent that
doing so is what is now expected in contemporary Russia” (<a href="https://polit.ru/articles/konspekty/grigoriy-golosov-o-samotsenzure-v-sssr-i-seychas/">polit.ru/articles/konspekty/grigoriy-golosov-o-samotsenzure-v-sssr-i-seychas/</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 38.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>On
the one hand, that means that those who write or speak publicly must interpret
what the authorities want, sometimes not controlling their words as much as the
powers that be would like but sometimes controlling them even more than the
denizens of the Kremlin in fact are ready to demand.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 38.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And
it also means that anyone who does violate what the authorities want is at risk
of losing his or her job, since almost all positions are either government or
government-influenced, or facing criminal sanctions, including being sent to
the camps, dangers far greater than most who did offend the censors faced in
Soviet times.</p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-61597478954138396082024-03-16T05:41:00.000-07:002024-03-16T05:41:52.445-07:00Moscow Using Russian Regions to Promote Separatism in Moldova, Despite Absence of Common Border<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 11 – Moscow has a long history of using border regions to expand Russian
influence in neighboring countries, but in the case of Moldova, a country with
which the Russian Federation does not share a border, it is expanding this policy
and using Russian regions to promote separatism in Transnistria and Gagauzia.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Bryansk,
Irkutsk and Kaliningrad oblasts have been working with the breakaway region of
Transnistria for almost a decade; and now Krasnodar Kray and Pskov and Penza oblasts
have committed themselves to doing the same with restive Christian Turkic Gagauzia
(<a href="https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2024/03/11/1024497-rossiiskie-regioni-nachinayut-sotrudnichestvo-s-gagauziei">vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2024/03/11/1024497-rossiiskie-regioni-nachinayut-sotrudnichestvo-s-gagauziei</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Russian
analysts are skeptical that this policy will be effective given the lack of a
common border, but Moscow likely favors it because using Russian regions in
this way allows the Kremlin to work under the radar screen of many governments
and to encourage the targeted regions in other countries to view Russian
federalism as real.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>To the
extent that is the case, Moscow is likely to expand this policy innovation toward
regions in Moldova to places in other former Soviet republics regardless of
whether or not<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>there is a common border between the Russian
Federation and the countries of which they are now a part. </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-2984768933696876302024-03-16T05:26:00.000-07:002024-03-16T05:26:39.025-07:00Fertility Rate of Central Asian Women in Moscow Area Remains 50 Percent Higher than that of Indigenous Russian Women, New Study Finds<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton, Mar.
11 – Fertility rates among Central Asian women migrants in the Russian capital
are only half what they are in Central Asian countries, but they remain 50
percent higher than those of ethnic Russians in the city and oblast. However,
because many children of the migrants live in their own countries, they are not
adding much to the migrants’ share in Moscow.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The study by three Russian
demographers, “Reproductive Behavior of Migrants from the Countries of Central
Asia in the Moscow Agglomeration” (in Russian), <i>Demis</i> 3:4 (2023): 78-91
is <a href="https://www.fnisc.ru/index.php?page_id=2384&id=9078&l=&j=12&base=ojs3_demis&jn=demis"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">at </span>fnisc.ru/index.php?page_id=2384&id=9078&l=&j=12&base=ojs3_demis&jn=demis</a>;
it is discussed by Yevgeny Chernyshov of <i>Nakanune</i> at <a href="https://www.nakanune.ru/articles/121915/">nakanune.ru/articles/121915/</a>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Many
Russians are obsessed with the possibility that Central Asians who come to
Russia to work will continue to have the same fertility rates they had in their
own country, but that is not the case. As is often true, these migrants tend over time to
converge on the demographic behavior of the indigenous population.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Moreover, a
smaller percentage of migrants is married than is the case with Russians; and
many of the migrants who have children prefer to have them raised in their home
countries. As a result, the higher fertility rate among migrants is not having
the impact on the size of the immigrant communities that many Russians assume.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But the new
study, carried out by the Bishkek Institute of Demographic Research and
involving an admittedly non-representative sample of approximately 200 migrants
from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan now in the Moscow
agglomeration and some 200 Russians there, provides some extremely telling
results.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Among the
most important are these:</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>15 percent of migrant families have four or more
children while only 4.4 percent of the ethnic Russians do.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Central Asians place a far higher value on
having a strong family than do Russians.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>48 percent of the Central Asian migrants say the
man is the head of the family while only 32 percent of Russians there dod.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>42 percent of Central Asians say fidelity in
marriage is important while not a single Russian in the sample mentions this.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Three quarters of the Central Asian migrants say
religion is important to them while only 43 percent of the Russians in Moscow
do. At the same time, 32 percent of the Muscovites mentioned sexual
satisfaction as a key value in marriage, while none of the Central Asians did. </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-70676785019401518622024-03-16T03:43:00.000-07:002024-03-16T03:43:38.095-07:00Kremlin Says that By Choosing a President, Russians are Choosing Their Future; but Russians Respond that If There is No Choice, There is No Future<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Paul Goble</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 11 – Throughout Putin’s presidential campaign, the Kremlin has asserted
that in choosing a president, the Russian people are choosing their future. But
ever more Russians are responding by pointing out that if there is no choice –
and in this “election,” there isn’t – then there is no future either.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That
is just one of the anecdotes Russians are telling each other that have been
assembled by Moscow journalist Tatyana Pusharyova (<a href="https://publizist.ru/blogs/107374/48006/-">publizist.ru/blogs/107374/48006/-</a>).
Among the best of the rest are the following:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Given Putin’s rising approval ratings, he
will<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>have to get more than 100 percent
in the elections if they are to be considered a success.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russian history textbooks now carry a warning
notice: “Any coincidence with real historical facts is purely coincidental.”</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lenin called on everyone to come to the Winter
Palace on November 7 at noon. The people asked whether that meant they were to
make a revolution. But Lenin said: “No. Let’s just come, stand there and ten go
our separate ways. We need to see just how many of us there are.”</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>By order of the Kremlin, Russian porn films will
now end with the birth of new patriots for the homeland nine months after the
explicit scenes.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Asked when the craziness in Russia will end, a political
scientist responds that he has no idea as he isn’t a psychiatrist.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Putin says God directly controls Russia. So why do we
need the Kremlin intermediary?</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Putin shouldn’t have fired the commander of the navy
after 30 percent of his Black Sea Fleet sank. He should have put him in charge
of Russia’s submarines.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Russians are upset by reports that Putin will boost taxes
after the election but they should see as good news that neither corvee nor
quitrent will be introduced then but only later.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The Duma wants to pass a law invalidating the transfer of
Crimea from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR. Why waste time on such trivialities?
The Duma should just vote to cancel the collapse of the USSR.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Ukrainian forces invading Russian territory is all part
of Putin’s plan: it shortens Russian supply lines by reducing the distance from
Moscow to the front.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The Russian constitution give Russians
the right to remain in permanent despair.</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-75405177487593111622024-03-16T03:08:00.000-07:002024-03-16T03:08:24.338-07:00Pioneering Work of US Researchers on Non-Russian Nations of USSR at Start of Cold War Recalled by Researchers from Komi Republic and Moscow<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Paul Goble</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton, Mar. 11 – In the last
decades of the USSR, most Soviet academic disciplines in the social sciences
and the humanities had an entire subfield devoted to the study and discrediting
of what were called “bourgeois falsifiers” of Soviet reality, a subfield that
allowed Soviet specialists to discuss subjects that Moscow otherwise prevented
them from doing.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Not only did these articles and books
about “bourgeois falsifiers” allow these scholars to keep up with research that
their Western counterparts were doing but the field itself helped spread information
and insights in these Western studies to a broader audience within the USSR,
including perhaps most importantly the non-Russian nations of the USSR.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Now, something superficially similar
but substantively very different is beginning to appear again in Putin’s Russia
with articles that do help non-Russians learn more about themselves than they
can from works prepared by those operating within the intellectual straightjacket
that the Kremlin is increasingly imposing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">A key example of this is a new article by two Komi scholars and one
Russian one on “’</span></span>Imaginary’ Finno-Ugric Peoples of the USSR in
the Projects of the American Center for Uralic–Altaic Studies (1940–1950s)” (in
Russian; <i>Izvestiya Komi Nauchnogo Tsentra</i>, 5 (63): 166-170; at <a href="https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/voobrazhaemye-finno-ugorskie-narody-sssr-v-proektah-amerikanskogo-tsentra-uralo-altayskih-issledovaniy-1940-1950-e-gody">cyberleninka.ru/article/n/voobrazhaemye-finno-ugorskie-narody-sssr-v-proektah-amerikanskogo-tsentra-uralo-altayskih-issledovaniy-1940-1950-e-gody</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But these publications, far less
tendentious than their Soviet predecessors and even richer in bibliographic
citations, also serve as a reminder to the West about the remarkable work that US
and other Western scholars carried out at the dawn of the Cold War, drawing on
emigres who left the USSR during World War II and enjoying the support of the US
government.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And thus about the work that could
be done now, as the Putin regime closes off more and more spheres of academic
inquiry and as the world enters a new cold war in which knowing about the
peoples still under Moscow’s control is important not just for those
populations themselves but also for those in the West who want them to be able
to free themselves.</span></span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-45150447561456532502024-03-15T03:35:00.000-07:002024-03-15T03:35:39.619-07:00West Mistakenly Thinks Russia in Terminal Decline While Moscow Elites Even More Wrongly Believe They can Restore Russia’s Superpower Status, Pastukhov Says <p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 11 – Many of the mistakes Western elites have made about Russia and that Moscow
elites have made about their own county arise from misconceptions each has
about Russia’s future, Vladimir Pastukhov says. The West has mistakenly assumed
Russia is in terminal decline while Moscow elites think they can restore the
country’s superpower status.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Since 1991,
the London-based Russian analyst says, the West has viewed Russia as being in
decline and acted accordingly, failing to see that what has been taking place is
not so much the demise of Russia but rather its return to a more natural
position from its status after World War II (<a href="https://t.me/s/v_pastukhov">t.me/s/v_pastukhov</a> reposted at <a href="publizist.ru/blogs/33/47981/-">publizist.ru/blogs/33/47981/-</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pastukhov
stresses that the West’s view of a declining Russia “does not mean that the Wet
has dreamed of ‘dismembering Russia,’ as Putin lies to say. On the contrary,
the collapse of Russia was and remains a nightmare for American and European
political elites. But they did believe that Russia would never be able … to
break the rules of the game they’d established.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As a
result, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>he says, “no one [in the West]
was prepared for Russia’s return to the big game either physically or psychological”
as the leaders of the West failed to see that even though it had lost superpower
status, this fall did not put Russia into “an uncontrollable tailspin from
which Russia would never emerge.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Even now,”
Pastukhov continues, “when Russia makes one loop after another in the sky, its
antics continue to be viewed with amazement rather than fear” despite the fact
that “not flying and flying in the wrong direction are two very different
things.” Russia is clearly flying in the wrong direction – but it is still
flying and that must be taken into account.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The heights
Russia occupied between 1945 and 1991 is viewed by many in the West as “the
basic point of historical reference,” but in fact, it was not the norm “but an
exception.” And thus, “the loss of this height should be understood as a return
to earlier historical norms rather than as a civilizational catastrophe.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>With only a
few brief intervals as exceptions, Russia was “an influential ‘supporting actor’
in world politics” rather than a dominant one. But at the same time, until
recently, no one thought decisions could be made in Europe without reference to
the existence of Russia and that Russia as such would disappear from the stage
altogether.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That
Western misconception about what 1991 meant lies behind “today’s crisis … and
the fact that Putin is talking about this to justify his aggression against
Ukraine does not mean that the policies [which arose from this mistaken view]
was not erroneous and that we cannot criticize it.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Related to
this, Pastukhov says, the West allowed Russian elites to corrupt themselves “uncontrollably”
and then assumed that the interests of the corrupt Russian elites were the same
thing as the interests of Russia because “Western elites had no time” to see
that the two things were in fact very different.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But at the
same time, he continues, “Russian elites themselves made an even bigger
mistake. Instead of accepting the collapse of the USSR as a normal and natural
outcome, as a result of which Russia now occupies its usual level, they threw all
their strengths into seeking a return to the geopolitical stratosphere at any
cost.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Tragically,
Pastukhov concludes, “the West’s underestimation of Russia has been linked to
Russia’s inflated expectations of itself and generating the sparks of war. To
avoid that, the West must understand that Russia is still far from
disappearing, and Russia needs to learn how to live without making claims to
being a superpower.”<span class="y2iqfc"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-20161275346557959992024-03-15T03:34:00.000-07:002024-03-15T03:34:13.829-07:00If Migrant Workers come to Russia from Asia and Africa, They will Bring Illnesses that Will Overwhelm Country’s Healthcare System, Moscow Experts Say<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 11 – As immigration into Russia from Central Asia and the Caucasus has
slowed, ever more Russian officials have begun to suggest that Russia will be
able to get the migrant workers it needs from Asia and Africa (<a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2024/03/future-waves-of-immigration-to-russia.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2024/03/future-waves-of-immigration-to-russia.html</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But Moscow
experts are warning that such people are likely to be carriers of exotic
diseases whose spread in Russia would overwhelm the capacity of Russian health
care to prevent their spread and thus make new epidemics more likely, according
to Yekaterina Trifonova of <i>Nezavisimaya Gazeta</i> (<a href="https://www.ng.ru/politics/2024-03-11/3_8966_migrants.html">ng.ru/politics/2024-03-11/3_8966_migrants.html</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">And they point out that while many
Russians are concerned that immigrants will bring crime into the country, few
of them and even fewer officials are worried about the far greater threat that
these new arrivals will spread diseases that Russian hospitals are not equipped
to counter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">Among the diseases experts suggest
will arrive with immigrants from Africa and Asia are leprosy, Ebola and other hemorrhagic
fevers, and HIV/AIDS. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And they warn that
those who want to come to work in Russia are likely to pay off officials at the
border in order to enter the country, increasing corruption and the risks that
these diseases will spread.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">And there is an even greater
danger: Many immigrants from Asia and, Africa may have diseases that they have
become personally immune to and so are not sick themselves but will carry the
viruses with them and spread them to a Russian population with little or no
immunity to them, sparking flareups wherever they arrive and even epidemics.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">In Soviet times, these experts say,
the government was sensitive to these issues; but now in Putin’s Russia, there
is less concern even though the threat is far greater especially at a time when
the Kremlin is “optimizing” the healthcare system, that is, reducing its reach
and effectiveness.<span style="color: red;"></span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-22693974323753215722024-03-14T14:54:00.000-07:002024-03-14T14:54:54.655-07:00That Former Soviet Republics were ‘Once Together’ Doesn’t Mean They Still Are or That Their Common Past is a Sufficient Basis Now for Policy, Rakeda Says <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
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<![endif]-->Paul Goble
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 9 – Mikhail Shvydkoy, once described the post-Soviet space as consisting
of “countries which at some point in the past were together,” a euphemism for
the more widely used “former Soviet republics,” Darya Rekeda says. In the
1990s, this seemed a useful notion, but it is now clear that these countries
are “not together anymore.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the
current issue of <i>Russia in Global Affairs</i>, the HSE scholar argues that
neither the West, nor the former Soviet republics, nor Russia are fully aware
of the fact that the terms each uses for this portion of the globe carries with
it often unexamined assumptions about the nature of relations there (<a href="https://globalaffairs.ru/articles/strany-uzhe-ne-vmeste/">globalaffairs.ru/articles/strany-uzhe-ne-vmeste/</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“While Western researchers propose
using the term ‘new states,’ thus focusing on the subjectivity of each country,
Rakeda continues, “the ‘post-Soviet states’ themselves do not use analogues of
this term, focusing instead on certain subregions with which they now identify –
Central Asia, the South Caucasus, the Baltics and so on.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In contrast, Russian researchers and
policy makers continue to use the term “near abroad” and to define it as “the
post-Soviet space,” she says, arguing that this is appropriate because they are
still connected because of their pasts and “’they aren’t going anywhere.” One
result of this is that Moscow still approaches the region as a whole rather than
focus on individual differences.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But the current turbulence in the world shows
that there are four new “realities” which mean that treating the former
republics in such an undifferentiated way is wrong and counter-productive. First
of all, “we now longer are an immutable cultural-historical community.” Thirty-three
years have passed since the USSR died, and a generation has arisen which never
knew it.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Moreover,
across this portion of the globe the states have presented pictures of this
past which mean ever more people reject it and all its works, including even
victory in World War II. In short, Rakeda says, the people in these countries “do
not think of themselves as post-Soviet as they no longer are.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The second
new reality is that “we do not know one another.” Few travel from one of these
countries to another and thus do not know first hand what things are like; and
even those who are supposed to be experts make their assessments on the basis
of reports on the Internet rather than direct observation.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The third
new reality is that “serious economic cooperation does not mean even moderate
political loyalty. Instead, some countries develop trade intensively but then
go off in their own directions for non-economic reasons. Armenia over the last
three years is a classic case: trade with Russia has grown but ties between the
two countries have soured.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">And the fourth new reality, one
Russians are especially loathe to acknowledge, is this: “alternative centers of
power exist.” Moscow is not the only choice available to people in the other
countries, and they are now increasingly interested in and allied with these
centers rather than constantly thinking about “their common past.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">Among Russians, “there is a great
temptation” to blame all of this as the roduct of “anti-Russian campaigns and the
machinations of alternative centers of power. Yes, but … Because in many ways,
this is more likely the result of inertia in our own country in the absence of setting
clearly defined goals.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">If Russia is to achieve the most
for itself, Rakeda suggests, it much recognize the new realities and work with
them rather than singing an old song about how “we were all together” in the
past and so must be now. </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-46429164437520346522024-03-14T13:22:00.000-07:002024-03-14T13:22:17.067-07:00Sparta-Style Militarization May Help Putin Stay in Power but It will Destroy Russia’s Future, Bobrik Says<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 10 – The militarization of Russia may be helping Vladimir Putin remain in power
both by allowing him to engage in what some call the “military Keynsian” to
boost to generate both deference to himself and patriotism by engaging in
military adventures abroad, Ilya Bobrik says.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But countries
which engage in such militarization, from Sparta onward invariably compromise
their ability to compete with and even survive against other states over the
longer term that do not adopt such an approach, the Russian historian says (<a href="https://www.sibreal.org/a/russkaya-sparta-istorik-ilya-bobrik-o-militarizme-kak-bolezni-rossii/32854363.html">sibreal.org/a/russkaya-sparta-istorik-ilya-bobrik-o-militarizme-kak-bolezni-rossii/32854363.html</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dictators
often ignore these longer term consequences seeing in militarization a solution
to their immediate challenge of maintaining enough support to retain power, he
continues. Putin is among them. But any benefit he receives come at a high cost
to the future of the Russian Federation and its people.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Brobrik,
who now teaches in Germany, draws those conclusions after examining the classic
case of a militarized society, Sparta. There, the state’s militarization and
promotion of “’traditional values’” led to isolation, decay and ultimate
defeat, as that regime lost “all geopolitical influence and Spart itself was
transformed from a great power to a village.”</p>
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Russia faces a similar prospect, the historian says, if it continues to
follow Putin’s playbook</span>paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-85983783816574680442024-03-13T05:26:00.000-07:002024-03-13T05:26:30.908-07:00Moscow to Recreate Nationalities Ministry Soon to Boost Attention to Ethnic Issues and Block Western Efforts to Exploit Them, Semigin Says<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 9 – The Russian government will likely recreate a ministry for nationality
affairs after the presidential elections, Gennady Semigin, chairman of the Duma
committee for nationality affairs says, to increase attention to ethnic issues
of all kinds and to ensure that the West won’t be able to exploit ethnic differences
within the Russian population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Such a step
is necessary because the West is currently spending on the order of 200 million
US dollars every year to spark ethnic conflicts inside Russia, Semigin says, at
a time when Moscow has reduced spending to counter such dangers and to promote the
unity of the population of the country (<a href="https://www.business-gazeta.ru/article/625479">business-gazeta.ru/article/625479</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>While the
Russian government has boosted spending on nationality policy in Crimea and the
Russian-occupied portions of Ukraine, it has reduced financing for this sector
of public policy by about ten percent everywhere else, a cutback that could
blow up in everyone’s faces by leading to “a new Sumgait.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the
course of a wide-ranging 5,000-word interview with Kazan’s <i>Business-Gazeta</i>,
Semigin made the following additional noteworthy comments:</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Moscow is also mulling restoration of the
Federal Migration Service either as an independent agency or as part of the
restored nationality ministry.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Every head of a federal subject should have a
deputy head overseeing a ramified system to manage nationality and migration
policies.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Migrants now outnumber every nation of the
Russian Federation except for the ethnic Russians and thus are clearly part of
the nationality question.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Moscow must impose tighter controls on
immigrants and work to prevent or, if that is impossible, to control the
formation of ethnic enclaves.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The Russian government doesn’t have adequate
statistics on nationalities or migrants. For example, no one knows whether
there are 250,000 migrant children not in state schools or as many as twice
that number.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>All Russian official documents should allow citizens
of Russia to register as mixed nationality if that is what they feel themselves
to be.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The Russian multi-national people is what was
called the Soviet people in USSR times.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>No one should see civic identity and ethnic
identity as competing. Everyone is both.</p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-81273748642404966122024-03-13T03:27:00.000-07:002024-03-13T03:27:57.410-07:00Moscow and Makhachkala Risk Violence Regardless of Whether They Restore a Chechen District or Not<p> Paul Goble<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton, Mar.
10 – Ethnic Chechens living in Daghestan are demanding that the authorities
live up to their promises and restore the ethnic district there they had before
the 1944 deportation (<a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2024/03/chechen-issue-in-daghestan-heats-up.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2024/03/chechen-issue-in-daghestan-heats-up.html</a>).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But both
Moscow and Makhachkala are dragging their fear, fearful the restoration of any
such region, even if stripped of two villages the Chechens want but that other nations
now occupy, would entail unacceptable risks, according to a local activist
speaking on condition of anonymity (<a href="https://www.kavkazr.com/a/zhitj-po-bratski-v-dagestane-vnovj-potrebovali-vosstanovitj-auhovskiy-rayon/32856852.html">kavkazr.com/a/zhitj-po-bratski-v-dagestane-vnovj-potrebovali-vosstanovitj-auhovskiy-rayon/32856852.html</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>On the one
hand, he says, the restoration of an ethnic Chechen region would both require the
deportation from there of other groups and eat the same time establish a
precedent that other nations inside Daghestan might then use as the basis for
demands, something that could trigger violent clashes among these groups.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And on the
other, restoring such a Chechen territory would give Ramzan Kadyrov, the head
of the Chechen republic, far greater ability to influence and even intervene in
Daghestani affairs, a development he undoubtedly wants but that both the
Kremlin and the republic leadership of Daghestan don’t.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>At the same
time, however, violating the promises of Moscow and Makhachkala to restore the Chechen
territory in Daghestan by 2025 will lead to a radicalization of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>opinion among Chechens there and in Grozny
and become the source of more violence, albeit from a different direction.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Thus, there
is every likelihood that Daghestan, already the most restive republic in the
Russian Federation, will become the site of inter-ethnic violence in the coming
months, a development that both Moscow and Makhachkala will find it extremely difficult
to cope with given their past promises and Grozny’s continuing interest.</p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-25676555066653071692024-03-13T02:42:00.000-07:002024-03-13T02:42:59.023-07:00Whoever Lives Well in Russia Now will Do Very Well in Hell, Some Russians Say<p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 9 – One of the eternal Russian questions is “who lives well in Rus?” But
some Russians say there is at least a partial answer: anyone who lives well in
Russia today will have no problem in the afterlife living in hell, so that
those doing well now will know what they can expect.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That is just
one of the anecdotes Moscow journalist Tatyana Pushkaryova has posted in her
latest collection (<a href="https://publizist.ru/blogs/107374/47983/8">publizist.ru/blogs/107374/47983/8</a>).
Among the best of the rest are the following:</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lyudmila Putina, the Kremlin leader’s ex-wife,
says that on the basis of Russian succession laws, she is prepared if necessary
to succeed him as president.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Some Russian parliamentarians have introduced
legislation that will free from criminal charges anyone who agrees to fight in
Ukraine. What a gift! That means someone can now kill senators and deputies
with real impunity.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russian democracy is the best in the world and
anyone who says differently will be imprisoned or killed.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russian patriots support Trump because the
American leader will do what Putin can’t: he’ll make Russia great if he becomes
president again.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russia’s armed forces have only two problems:
their planes are heavier than air and their shifts are heavier than water.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The West has sent Putin a medal for his
contribution to the expansion of NATO.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Russians should respond to Sweden’s entry into
NATO by destroying their IKEA furniture, smashing their Volvos, throwing away
ABBA CDs, and never reading about someone called Carlson who interviews Putin.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The Justice Ministry announced that in honor of
international women’s day, Moscow would declare only men on that date to be
foreign agents.</p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"> </p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-56292800060224096092024-03-13T01:47:00.000-07:002024-03-13T01:48:41.823-07:00Even Russians who Back the Kremlin Now Can Use the Internet Because Its Pro-Kremlin Sector is So Large, Makarkin Says<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
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<![endif]--></p><p class="MsoNormal">Paul Goble</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 7 – Many still divide Russians into the TV Party and the Internet Party,
with the former being older, more rural and less educated and generally backing
Putin and his policies and the latter being younger, more urban, and more
opposed to the Kremlin leader, Aleksey Makarkin says.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">But this division is no longer
appropriate because most Russians now use both the TV and the Internet, with both
getting their news from television but turning to very different parts of the
Internet for commentaries that support and reinforce their views, the Moscow
commentator say (<a href="https://www.kasparov.ru/material.php?id=65E88FA25A94C&section_id=50A6C962A3D7C">kasparov.ru/material.php?id=65E88FA25A94C&section_id=50A6C962A3D7C</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">That has become possible because pro-Kremlin
outlets have become so widespread on the Internet that even those who had
relied exclusively on television can use Internet sites that echo their views
and because anti-Kremlin people still find they need television not only for
breaking news but for entertainment and shopping, Makarkin continues.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">As a result, for Russians today, “information
on the Internet complements TV information but does not fundamentally affect
the assessments of events, he says, a situation that eliminates any “hard line
between ‘the parties’ of TV and the Internet that many still believe exist.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">But there is a real division, one
that resembles the situation in Soviet times, Makarkin points out. It is
between the 70 percent of Russians who don’t read publications regardless of
media which feature journalists the regime has denounced and the 27 percent who
read precisely those publications, listening to foreign radio stations and
reading samizdat.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">“In Soviet times,” the Moscow
analyst concludes, “the state jammed foreign ‘voices,’” but today, it does so “by
blocking Internet resources. But modern analogues of ‘the voices’ have far
greater opportunities to reach their audience as technological process has not
stood still.” Hence the ban on promoting VPN services.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">That is the Kremlin’s approach to
the new 27 percent. As far as the 70 percent of loyalists is concerned, the
Putin regime has expanded its presence on the Internet thus making it possible
for its supporters to use the Internet without becoming disloyal but rather to
gain even more support for their positions.</p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-32974905516537112352024-03-12T14:34:00.000-07:002024-03-12T14:34:20.624-07:00 Tatars Stress Turkic and Muslim Background of Orenburg Residents Moscow Counts as Russians <p> Paul Goble<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mar. 7 – The <i>Milliard.Tatar</i> portal carries a small story that suggests
research done in 1963 found that the Orenburg Cossacks had a Tatar origin, the
kind of report that typically gets passed over as being of only antiquarian
interest but in fact is very much part of a serious political struggle.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Tatars and
Bashkirs believe that only by recovering portions of the Orenburg Oblast which
once was part of Kazakhstan but now is a predominantly ethnic Russian region
within the Russian Federation can they achieve a bridge to a country already
independent and thus set the stage for themselves to achieve independence in
the future. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(On this, see belief and the
calculations underlying it as well as Moscow’s opposition, see <a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2023/02/tatars-and-bashkirs-must-recover.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2023/02/tatars-and-bashkirs-must-recover.html</a>,
<a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2022/03/kazakhstan-events-echo-in-orenburg.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2022/03/kazakhstan-events-echo-in-orenburg.html</a>,<span class="MsoHyperlink"> </span><a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2018/03/moscow-analyst-denounces-kazakh.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2018/03/moscow-analyst-denounces-kazakh.html</a><span class="MsoHyperlink">, </span><a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2018/11/orenburg-corridor-threatens-russia-more.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2018/11/orenburg-corridor-threatens-russia-more.html</a><span class="MsoHyperlink"> </span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">and</span> </span><a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2023/05/if-tatarstan-had-bordered-foreign.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2023/05/if-tatarstan-had-bordered-foreign.html</a>.)</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>To support
their arguments, the Tatars, Bashkirs and Kazakhs have suggested that Orenburg
includes many who are now listed as Russians but who in fact trace their
origins to Turkic Muslim nations like themselves (<a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2022/10/new-research-highlights-past-tatar.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2022/10/new-research-highlights-past-tatar.html</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Among those
in that category the research cited this week suggests that the Orenburg
Cossacks were of Tatar and Muslim origin (<a href="https://milliard.tatar/news/orenburgskie-kazaki-mogut-imet-tatarskoe-proisxozdenie-5112">milliard.tatar/news/orenburgskie-kazaki-mogut-imet-tatarskoe-proisxozdenie-5112</a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">). Such assertions not only challenge Moscow’s
control of Orenburg oblast but also Putin’s repeated insistence that all
Cossacks are Orthodox Christians.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That last assertion would be laughable
were it not accepted by so many. In fact, some Cossacks were Muslims, among
them the Orenburg Cossacks, as well as Buddhists and even Jews (</span></span><a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2018/08/muslim-cossacks-making-comeback-in.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2018/08/muslim-cossacks-making-comeback-in.html</a>
and <a href="https://windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2019/01/cossacks-vastly-more-diverse-than-putin.html">windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com/2019/01/cossacks-vastly-more-diverse-than-putin.html</a>).</p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-709332033792123707.post-69725470235368559222024-03-12T06:08:00.000-07:002024-03-12T06:08:31.299-07:00Laughter Brought Down the USSR and Now Threatens Putin, Moskovsky Says Paul Goble
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Staunton,
Mr. 7 – Laughter has saved Russians again and again, Pavel Moskovsky said. Jokes
and the laughter they provoked undermined Khrushchev and Brezhnev and contributed
to the demise of the Soviet Union. Now, he continues, it is continuing to play
this role and threatens Putin and his system as well.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The Radio
Svoboda commentator says that like the Soviet regime, the Putin one gives the
population a great deal to laugh about; and when they laugh, they deprive those
who rule Russia of legitimacy, even if the latter have the coercive resources
to hold on for a time (<a href="https://www.svoboda.org/a/smeh-nad-putinym-pavel-moskovskiy-o-noveyshem-oruzhii/32848555.html">svoboda.org/a/smeh-nad-putinym-pavel-moskovskiy-o-noveyshem-oruzhii/32848555.html</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Putin’s
latest contribution to this self-destructive pattern is his upcoming
re-election. Moskovsky’s grandson asked why there have to be elections if the victory
of one person is pre-ordained. The best the commentator could respond was that “you’re
not<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the only one asking that question.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“If you think about it,
the children of today are precisely the ones who will bury the current
government,” Moskovsky says. Like Brezhnev’s, “the Putin regime is aging and
becoming ridiculous; and even his attempt to portray himself as a terrible
threat now evokes a smile” or even a laugh, although hardly a happy one.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="y2iqfc"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And that laughter, his
words suggest, is especially corrosive because Putin himself has no sense of
humor. Unlike Brezhnev, there is no Krokodil, only criminal charges about fake
news concerning the current system.</span></span></p>
paul goblehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03022474466621922917noreply@blogger.com0