Paul
Goble
Staunton, June 13 – Muslims in the
Russian Federation tend to be happier than their Christian counterparts, more
observant of the requirements of their religion, but less trusting of other
people, according to research recently published by Sreda.org in the “Atlas of
Religions and Nationalities of Russia.”
That volume, available online at sreda.org/arena, contains a wealth of information
about Russian believers and non-believers. This week, on the occasion of the
Day of Russia, Islamnews.ru offers a summary of some of its most intriguing
findings about “Muslims in the Russian Milieu” (islamnews.ru/news-140145.html).
According to the atlas, Muslims form
6.5 percent of the population, the fourth largest “religious” group after
Orthodox Christians (41 percent), believers who are not affiliated with any
religion (25 percent), and atheists (13 percent). None of the other 13 religious faiths the
atlas included had more than 1.2 percent of the Russianpoplation.
The studies on which the atlas was
compiled found that a “significantly” greater share of Muslims than in other
groups who “considered that religion is important” and who observed the
specific requirements of their faith. Moreover,
these studies found, “Muslims are ‘happy people’ who want to have many
children.”
Russia’s Muslims “live primarily in
rural areas and have secondary educations.
Much more rarely, they live in major cities with populations between
500,000 and one million.” They do not have major problems with immigrant groups.
And they “distrust Patriarch Kirill,” because he is “the leader of another
religious confession.”
Forty-two percent of Muslims observe
the requirements of their faith, five percent more than Russian Orthodox.
Fifty-five percent of Muslims identify themselves as happy, more than any other
group. But only 23 percent of the followers of Islam say they trust others, far
fewer than the number of Protestants and Orthodox who make such a declaration.
Eleven to twelve percent of Muslims
are ready to open a business, a figure equal to that of the Buddhists, greater
than the Orthodox Christians but must less than the Protestants (30 percent)
and Jews (20 percent). Only 11 percent
of Muslims want to leave Russia, fewer than among the Protestants, Jews,
Catholics and atheists.
Tatars form 39 percent of Russia’s
indigenous Muslims, Avars nine percent, Bashkirs six percent and Kazakhs five
percent, with other North Caucasian and Siberian peoples trailing behind. What
is striking, Islamnews.ru suggests, is that most of them identify as Muslims in
general rather than as members of Sunni or Shiite trends.
Fifty-five percent of Tatars
identify as Muslims in general, with only three percent saying they are specifically
Sunni. Among Bashkirs, there is a similar pattern, 43 percent and six percent,
as there is among Kazakhs, with 54 percent identify as Muslims in general and
only seven percent saying they are specifically Sunni.
Among the Avars, the situation is
different. Only 24 percent of them identify as Muslims in general, while 66
percent say they are Sunni, perhaps a reflection of the higher level of
religious education in the North Caucasus, the Islamnews.ru site suggests.
These statistics, the site
continues, suggest two conclusions. On the one hand, “Russia’s Muslims have
significant positive potential,” but on the other, “this potential is not yet
being realized as a social level.”
Consequently there is a need to move in that direction as quickly and
comprehensively as possible
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