Paul
Goble
Staunton, November 10 – Some members
of the Russian Duma want to take a step that even the Soviet government never
did: they want to prevent the residents of the Russian Federation from giving
their children names that someone in authority deems “ahistorical” or “inappropriate.”
Thirty years ago, the author of the
standard five-volume dictionary of Russian family names created a stir when he
published an article in “Literaturnaya gazeta” saying that Russian parents
should not call their children “Elektrifikatsiya” or other exotic names like
those used in the early Soviet period.
But even then, this was viewed as
nothing more than the expression of a preference, like the handbooks of
possible names that Soviet parents could purchase in a bookstore or consult at
a registration office, and while the practice of giving people names like “Melsor”
for “Marx-Engels-Lenin-Stalin-October revolution” declined, it did not
disappear.
Last week, “Rossiiskaya gazeta” reported
that a group of Duma deputies is drafting legislation that would create a list
of names that parents in the Russian Federation would be allowed to give their
children, apparently prompted by a report that one family had named their child
“Lucifer” (rg.ru/2014/11/06/proekt.html).
Viktoriya Pashkova, a lawyer who is
helping to draft the legislation, said that this was no more than what many
other countries like Germany and Sweden have long done, and she pointed out
that Belarus bans names “which contradict the norms of morality and the
national traditions” of that country.
Now, Archpriest Gennady Belovolov,
the director of the Ionna Kronshtad House Museum and an influential Russian
Orthodox commentator, has weighed in on the issue, arguing that such
legislation is needed now when he says a war is going on against Russia’s
national identity (ruskline.ru/news_rl/2014/11/10/russkim_imenam_nuzhna_ohrannaya_gramota/).
An individual’s name is “the
spiritual passport of the individual,” he argues, and must reflect the national
and religious traditions of his country.
At a time when Russian passports do not indicate the nationality or
religious faith of their bearers, names must serve the purpose of identifying
and reinforcing national identity.
In the Orthodox tradition, parents
choose names from those of the saints because “a Christian name testifies above
all that [the individual] is a Christian and a member of the Church.” But these
names, especially when there is “a war against Russia,” show his or her “membership
in the Russian people.”
(Neither of these reports specify
whether there will be special lists for members of non-Russians, who form
nearly a quarter of the population and who have different religious, cultural
and political traditions.)
Unfortunately, the archpriest says,
the Russian tradition was broken by the Bolsheviks and “a mass of ‘names’
formed as abbreviations of the families of the leaders of the revolution and of
holidays” became widely used, including Vladlen, Marlen, Rem, Vilen,
Oktyabrina, and Dazdraperma.
And for a time, Russians even named
their children after the leaders of the revolution and the Soviet state. Thus,
there were Ledats (for Lev Davydovich Trotsky), Dalis (for ‘long live Lenin and
Stalin”), Fed for Feliks Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky, aand even Pofistal (for “the
defeater of fascism Joseph Stalin”).
With the end of the Soviet system and the resulting
ideological vacuum, Father Gennady says, new names have emerged that are equally
a violation of the Russian national tradition, names like Privatisatsiya,
Viagra, Mercedes, Millioner, or the especially lamentable Lucifer, recently
registered in Perm.
Parents
should reflect that children given such names will hardly be grateful, not only
because such names will “create a mass of psychological problems” for their
bearers but also because the parents are cutting their children off from their
people and their Church. A law will help them do so.
The
archpriest expresses the hope that such legislation will also lead to the
revival of ancient Orthodox names which are seldom encountered now, including
Izyaslav, Yaropolk, Zlata, Militsa, Gorazd, “and others.”
There
is one new naming trend in Russia that Father Gennady says he does approve of:
Some families are now giving their children names “in honor of the members of
the family of the last Russian emperor. Such actions “in truth represent the
popular canonization of the tsarist martyrs.” Of course, all their names were
those of earlier Russian saints.
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